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Allen and Greenough's Latin Grammar

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Allen and Greenough's Latin Grammar

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This version of Allen and Greenough's classic Latin Grammar is built in Drupal to allow for inclusion of multimedia content. It is based on a digitization carried out by the Perseus Project, and replaces an earlier html version published by DCC in 2014. Latin Tutorial videos are graciously provided by Ben Johnson. New color charts were created by Meagan Ayer. The content is freely available for re-use under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license.

Subject:: Languages
Material Type:: Textbook
Provider:: Dickinson College Commentaries
Author:: Meagan Ayer
Date Added:: 04/07/2020

Cicero / Against Verres 2.1.53–86

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Cicero / Against Verres 2.1.53–86

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This site represents a version of Ingo Gildenhard's book, Cicero, Against Verres, 2.1.53–86 (Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2011), produced with the kind cooperation of Open Book Publishers and Professor Gildenhard. The DCC edition contributes four new features:

audio recordings of the Latin text as performed by Jonathan Rockey
running vocabulary lists created by Lara Frymark
links to the Pleiades Gazetteer and Graph of Ancient Places
macrons on the Latin text

Subject:: Arts and Humanities
Material Type:: Textbook
Provider:: Dickinson College Commentaries
Author:: Ingo Gildenhard
Date Added:: 04/07/2020

Cicero, Against Verres, 2.1.53-86. Latin Text with Introduction, Study Questions, Commentary and English Translation

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Cicero, Against Verres, 2.1.53-86. Latin Text with Introduction, Study Questions, Commentary and English Translation

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Looting, despoiling temples, attempted rape and judicial murder: these are just some of the themes of this classic piece of writing by one of the world's greatest orators. This particular passage is from the second book of Cicero's Speeches against Verres, who was a former Roman magistrate on trial for serious misconduct. Cicero presents the lurid details of Verres' alleged crimes in exquisite and sophisticated prose.

This volume provides a portion of the original text of Cicero's speech in Latin, a detailed commentary, study aids, and a translation. As a literary artefact, the speech gives us insight into how the supreme master of Latin eloquence developed what we would now call rhetorical "spin". As an historical document, it provides a window into the dark underbelly of Rome's imperial expansion and exploitation of the Near East.

Ingo Gildenhard's illuminating commentary on this A-Level set text will be of particular interest to students of Latin at both high school and undergraduate level. It will also be a valuable resource to Latin teachers and to anyone interested in Cicero, language and rhetoric, and the legal culture of Ancient Rome.

Subject:: Languages
Material Type:: Textbook
Provider:: Open Book Publishers
Author:: Ingo Gildenhard
Date Added:: 01/01/2011

Cicero / De Imperio Cn. Pompei

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Cicero / De Imperio Cn. Pompei

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This web site represents an online version of the book Cicero, On Pompey’s Command (De Imperio), 27-49 by Ingo Gildenhard, Louise Hodgson, et al., published by Open Book Publishers, Cambridge, UK, in 2014. Paperback, hardback, and .pdf versions can be obtained directly from OBP. The content of this site is substantially the same as that of the book, except that, in conformance with the normal DCC editorial policy, we put macrons on the Latin text, added audio recordings, and omitted the translation, and added full vocabulary lists in the DCC style (certain very common words are omitted). I would like to express my warm thanks to Prof. Gildenhard and to Open Book Publishers, first, for publishing under the kind of open license that makes such re-use possible, and second for their considerable help in the preparation of the site. Particular thanks are due to Bianca Gualandi, OBP's Digital Product Manager, and to Francesca Giovannetti, who undertook the difficult task of putting the original files into HTML files that we could use. Without her work the adaptation to the DCC format would have been far more difficult. The Drupal pages and menus were created by Lara Frymark and Chris Francese at Dickinson College, in Carlisle, Pennsylvania.

Subject:: Arts and Humanities
Material Type:: Textbook
Provider:: Dickinson College Commentaries
Author:: Ingo Gildenhard; Louise Hodgson
Date Added:: 04/07/2020

Cicero, On Pompey’s Command (De Imperio), 27-49. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, Commentary, and Translation

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Cicero, On Pompey’s Command (De Imperio), 27-49. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, Commentary, and Translation

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In republican times, one of Rome's deadliest enemies was King Mithridates of Pontus. In 66 BCE, after decades of inconclusive struggle, the tribune Manilius proposed a bill that would give supreme command in the war against Mithridates to Pompey the Great, who had just swept the Mediterranean clean of another menace: the pirates. While powerful aristocrats objected to the proposal, which would endow Pompey with unprecedented powers, the bill proved hugely popular among the people, and one of the praetors, Marcus Tullius Cicero, also hastened to lend it his support. In his first ever political speech, variously entitled pro lege Manilia or de imperio Gnaei Pompei, Cicero argues that the war against Mithridates requires the appointment of a perfect general and that the only man to live up to such lofty standards is Pompey. In the section under consideration here, Cicero defines the most important hallmarks of the ideal military commander and tries to demonstrate that Pompey is his living embodiment.

This course book offers a portion of the original Latin text, study aids with vocabulary, and a commentary. Designed to stretch and stimulate readers, the incisive commentary will be of particular interest to students of Latin at both AS and undergraduate level. It extends beyond detailed linguistic analysis and historical background to encourage critical engagement with Cicero's prose and discussion of the most recent scholarly thought.

Subject:: Languages
Material Type:: Textbook
Provider:: Open Book Publishers
Author:: Ingo Gildenhard; Louise Hodgson
Date Added:: 12/05/2019

Cornelius Nepos, 'Life of Hannibal': Latin Text, Notes, Maps, Illustrations and Vocabulary

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Cornelius Nepos, 'Life of Hannibal': Latin Text, Notes, Maps, Illustrations and Vocabulary

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Trebia. Trasimene. Cannae. With three stunning victories, Hannibal humbled Rome and nearly shattered its empire. Even today Hannibal's brilliant, if ultimately unsuccessful, campaign against Rome during the Second Punic War (218-202 BC) make him one of history's most celebrated military leaders. This biography by Cornelius Nepos (c. 100-27 BC) sketches Hannibal's life from the time he began traveling with his father's army as a young boy, through his sixteen-year invasion of Italy and his tumultuous political career in Carthage, to his perilous exile and eventual suicide in the East. As Rome completed its bloody transition from dysfunctional republic to stable monarchy, Nepos labored to complete an innovative and influential collection of concise biographies. Putting aside the detailed, chronological accounts of military campaigns and political machinations that characterized most writing about history, Nepos surveyed Roman and Greek history for distinguished men who excelled in a range of prestigious occupations. In the exploits and achievements of these illustrious men, Nepos hoped that his readers would find models for the honorable conduct of their own lives. Although most of Nepos' works have been lost, we are fortunate to have his biography of Hannibal. Nepos offers a surprisingly balanced portrayal of a man that most Roman authors vilified as the most monstrous foe that Rome had ever faced.

Subject:: Languages
Material Type:: Textbook
Provider:: Open Book Publishers
Author:: Bret Mulligan
Date Added:: 12/05/2019

Discovering Ancient Greek and Latin

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Discovering Ancient Greek and Latin

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The free course, Discovering Ancient Greek and Latin, gives a taste of what it is like to learn two ancient languages. It is for those who have encountered the classical world through translations of Greek and Latin texts and wish to know more about the languages in which these works were composed.

Subject:: Languages
Material Type:: Full Course
Date Added:: 06/17/2020

Getting started on classical Latin

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Getting started on classical Latin

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The aim of this free course is to enable you to get started on learning Latin in a fairly
leisurely but well-focused way. It has been developed in response to requests from
students who had had no contact with Latin before and who felt they would like to spend a
little time preparing for the kind of learning that studying a classical language involves.
This course will give you a taster of what is involved in the very early stages of learning
Latin. Along the way, you will learn some Latin words, master the pronunciation of Latin
and explore the links between Latin and English. Importantly, too, you will gain a basic
understanding of how Latin ‘works’ – its grammar and sentence structure – and gain a
useful impression of what learning Latin actually involves. The material which follows is
designed to be studied in small sections. In all, it will probably take about 8–10 hours to
work through. But even if you have only a small amount of time available, you will find it
useful to work through the early sections and familiarise yourself with some basic
grammatical terms.

Subject:: Languages
Material Type:: Full Course
Date Added:: 06/17/2020

Greek and Latin Roots: Part II - Greek

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Greek and Latin Roots: Part II - Greek

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Greek and Latin Roots: Part II - Greek is part two of a two part series. This series examines the systematic principles by which a large portion of English vocabulary has evolved from Latin and (to a lesser degree) from Greek. This book focuses on Greek roots. A link to the first part focusing on the Latin roots can be found below. Part II will try to impart some skill in the recognition and proper use of words derived from Greek. There is a stress on principles: although students will be continually looking at interesting individual words, their constant aim will be to discover predictable general patterns of historical development, so that they may be able to cope with new and unfamiliar words of any type that they have studied. They will be shown how to approach the problem by a procedure known as “word analysis,” which is roughly comparable to the dissection of an interesting specimen in the biology laboratory. The text assumes no previous knowledge of Greek, and does not involve the grammatical study of this language—except for a few basic features of noun and verb formation that will help students to understand the Greek legacy in English. All students will be asked to learn the Greek alphabet. This skill is not absolutely essential for a general knowledge of Greek roots in English. However, it will help students understand a number of otherwise puzzling features of spelling and usage. Although there will be some attention paid to the historical interaction of Greek with English, this text is definitely not a systematic history of the English language. It focuses on only those elements within English that have been directly or indirectly affected by this classical language. In order to provide the broadest possible service to students, the text emphasizes standard English vocabulary in current use. The more exotic technical vocabulary of science and medicine can be extremely interesting, but is explored in only summary fashion. Nevertheless, this text should be of considerable value, say, to a would-be botanist or medical doctor, if only by providing the foundation for further specialized enquiry.

Subject:: English Language Arts
Material Type:: Textbook
Provider:: BCcampus
Provider Set:: BCcampus Open Textbooks
Author:: Peter Smith
Date Added:: 01/01/2016

Greek and Latin Roots: Part I – Latin

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Greek and Latin Roots: Part I – Latin

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Greek and Latin Roots: Part I - Latin is part one of a two part series. This series examines the systematic principles by which a large portion of English vocabulary has evolved from Latin and (to a lesser degree) from Greek. This book focuses on Latin roots. A link to the second part focusing on the Greek roots can be found below. Part I will try to impart some skill in the recognition and proper use of words derived from Latin. There is a stress on principles: although students will be continually looking at interesting individual words, their constant aim will be to discover predictable general patterns of historical development, so that they may be able to cope with new and unfamiliar words of any type that they have studied. They will be shown how to approach the problem by a procedure known as “word analysis,” which is roughly comparable to the dissection of an interesting specimen in the biology laboratory. The text assumes no previous knowledge of Latin, and does not involve the grammatical study of this language—except for a few basic features of noun and verb formation that will help students to understand the Latin legacy in English. Although there will be some attention paid to the historical interaction of Latin with English, this text is definitely not a systematic history of the English language. It focuses on only those elements within English that have been directly or indirectly affected by this classical language. In order to provide the broadest possible service to students, the text emphasizes standard English vocabulary in current use. The more exotic technical vocabulary of science and medicine can be extremely interesting, but is explored in only summary fashion. Nevertheless, this text should be of considerable value, say, to a would-be botanist or medical doctor, if only by providing the foundation for further specialized enquiry.

Subject:: Languages; Literature
Material Type:: Textbook
Author:: Peter Smith
Date Added:: 06/17/2020

Greek and Latin Roots: Part I – Latin

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Greek and Latin Roots: Part I – Latin

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Greek and Latin Roots: Part I - Latin is part one of a two part series. This series examines the systematic principles by which a large portion of English vocabulary has evolved from Latin and (to a lesser degree) from Greek. This book focuses on Latin roots. A link to the second part focusing on the Greek roots can be found below. Part I will try to impart some skill in the recognition and proper use of words derived from Latin. There is a stress on principles: although students will be continually looking at interesting individual words, their constant aim will be to discover predictable general patterns of historical development, so that they may be able to cope with new and unfamiliar words of any type that they have studied. They will be shown how to approach the problem by a procedure known as “word analysis,” which is roughly comparable to the dissection of an interesting specimen in the biology laboratory. The text assumes no previous knowledge of Latin, and does not involve the grammatical study of this language—except for a few basic features of noun and verb formation that will help students to understand the Latin legacy in English. Although there will be some attention paid to the historical interaction of Latin with English, this text is definitely not a systematic history of the English language. It focuses on only those elements within English that have been directly or indirectly affected by this classical language. In order to provide the broadest possible service to students, the text emphasizes standard English vocabulary in current use. The more exotic technical vocabulary of science and medicine can be extremely interesting, but is explored in only summary fashion. Nevertheless, this text should be of considerable value, say, to a would-be botanist or medical doctor, if only by providing the foundation for further specialized enquiry.

Subject:: English Language Arts
Material Type:: Textbook
Provider:: BCcampus
Provider Set:: BCcampus Open Textbooks
Author:: Peter Smith
Date Added:: 12/05/2019

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Latin

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This is an elementary Latin course accompanied with a detailed grammar based upon Kennedy's Public School Latin Grammar designed to introduce one to the world of classical languages. A basic understanding of grammatical terminology would be helpful; however, it is not required. Basic definitions of terms will be explained in Lessons 1 and 2, and later elaborated as needed.

Subject:: Languages
Material Type:: Textbook
Provider:: Wikibooks
Date Added:: 06/15/2019

Ovid, Metamorphoses, 3.511-733. Latin Text with Introduction, Commentary, Glossary of Terms, Vocabulary Aid and Study Questions

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Ovid, Metamorphoses, 3.511-733. Latin Text with Introduction, Commentary, Glossary of Terms, Vocabulary Aid and Study Questions

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This extract from Ovid's 'Theban History' recounts the confrontation of Pentheus, king of Thebes, with his divine cousin, Bacchus, the god of wine. Notwithstanding the warnings of the seer Tiresias and the cautionary tale of a character Acoetes (perhaps Bacchus in disguise), who tells of how the god once transformed a group of blasphemous sailors into dolphins, Pentheus refuses to acknowledge the divinity of Bacchus or allow his worship at Thebes. Enraged, yet curious to witness the orgiastic rites of the nascent cult, Pentheus conceals himself in a grove on Mt. Cithaeron near the locus of the ceremonies. But in the course of the rites he is spotted by the female participants who rush upon him in a delusional frenzy, his mother and sisters in the vanguard, and tear him limb from limb.
The episode abounds in themes of abiding interest, not least the clash between the authoritarian personality of Pentheus, who embodies 'law and order', masculine prowess, and the martial ethos of his city, and Bacchus, a somewhat effeminate god of orgiastic excess, who revels in the delusional and the deceptive, the transgression of boundaries, and the blurring of gender distinctions.
This course book offers a wide-ranging introduction, the original Latin text, study aids with vocabulary, and an extensive commentary. Designed to stretch and stimulate readers, Gildenhard and Zissos's incisive commentary will be of particular interest to students of Latin at AS and undergraduate level. It extends beyond detailed linguistic analysis to encourage critical engagement with Ovid's poetry and discussion of the most recent scholarly thought.

Subject:: Literature
Material Type:: Textbook
Provider:: Open Book Publishers
Author:: Andrew Zissos; Ingo Gildenhard
Date Added:: 09/01/2016

Tacitus, Annals, 15.20-23, 33-45. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, and Commentary

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Tacitus, Annals, 15.20-23, 33-45. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, and Commentary

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This course book offers a portion of the original Latin text, study aids with vocabulary, and a commentary. Designed to stretch and stimulate readers, Owen's and Gildenhard's incisive commentary will be of particular interest to students of Latin at both A2 and undergraduate level. It extends beyond detailed linguistic analysis and historical background to encourage critical engagement with Tacitus' prose and discussion of the most recent scholarly thought.

Table of Contents
1. Preface and acknowledgements

2. Introduction

2.1 Tacitus: life and career
2.2 Tacitus' times: the political system of the principate
2.3 Tacitus' oeuvre: opera minora and maiora
2.4 Tacitus' style (as an instrument of thought)
2.5 Tacitus' Nero-narrative: Rocky-Horror-Picture Show and Broadway on the Tiber
2.6 Thrasea Paetus and the so-called ‘Stoic opposition'
3. Latin text with study questions and vocabulary aid

4. Commentary

Section 1: Annals 15.20–23
(i) 20.1–22.1: The Meeting of the Senate
(ii) 22.2: Review of striking prodigies that occurred in AD 62
(iii) 23.1–4: Start of Tacitus' account of AD 63: the birth and death of Nero's daughter by Sabina Poppaea, Claudia Augusta
Section 2: Annals 15.33–45 (AD 64)
(i) 33.1–34.1: Nero's coming-out party as stage performer
(ii) 34.2–35.3: A look at the kind of creatures that populate Nero's court – and the killing of an alleged rival
(iii) 36: Nero considers, but then reconsiders, going on tour to Egypt
(iv) 37: To show his love for Rome, Nero celebrates a huge public orgy that segues into a mock-wedding with his freedman Pythagoras
(v) 38–41: The fire of Rome
(vi) 42–43: Reconstructing the Capital: Nero's New Palace
(vii) 44: Appeasing the Gods, and Christians as Scapegoats
(viii) 45: Raising of Funds for Buildings
5. Bibliography

6. Visual aids

6.1 Map of Italy
6.2 Map of Rome
6.3 Family Tree of Nero and Junius Silanus
6.4 Inside the Domus Aurea

Subject:: Literature
Material Type:: Textbook
Author:: Ingo Gildenhard; Mathew Owen
Date Added:: 06/17/2020

Tacitus, Annals, 15.20-23, 33-45. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, and Commentary

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Tacitus, Annals, 15.20-23, 33-45. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, and Commentary

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The emperor Nero is etched into the Western imagination as one of ancient Rome’s most infamous villains, and Tacitus’ Annals have played a central role in shaping the mainstream historiographical understanding of this flamboyant autocrat.
This section of the text plunges us straight into the moral cesspool that Rome had apparently become in the later years of Nero’s reign, chronicling the emperor’s fledgling stage career including his plans for a grand tour of Greece; his participation in a city-wide orgy climaxing in his publicly consummated ‘marriage’ to his toy boy Pythagoras; the great fire of AD 64, during which large parts of central Rome went up in flames; and the rising of Nero’s ‘grotesque’ new palace, the so-called ‘Golden House’, from the ashes of the city. This building project stoked the rumours that the emperor himself was behind the conflagration, and Tacitus goes on to present us with Nero’s gruesome efforts to quell these mutterings by scapegoating and executing members of an unpopular new cult then starting to spread through the Roman empire: Christianity.
All this contrasts starkly with four chapters focusing on one of Nero’s most principled opponents, the Stoic senator Thrasea Paetus, an audacious figure of moral fibre, who courageously refuses to bend to the forces of imperial corruption and hypocrisy.
This course book offers a portion of the original Latin text, study aids with vocabulary, and a commentary. Designed to stretch and stimulate readers, Owen’s and Gildenhard’s incisive commentary will be of particular interest to students of Latin at both A2 and undergraduate level. It extends beyond detailed linguistic analysis and historical background to encourage critical engagement with Tacitus’ prose and discussion of the most recent scholarly thought.

Subject:: Philosophy
Material Type:: Textbook
Provider:: Open Book Publishers
Author:: Ingo Gildenhard; Matthew Owen
Date Added:: 09/01/2013