This text is an informal beginner’s guide to the basics of statistics needed to conduct tests of statistical significance for simple experimental, quasi-experimental, and correlational research designs. Many free and open textbooks exist for more theoretical and traditional versions of introductory statistics, with more standard notation. This one is designed to be consistent with the approachable way I aim to teach the use of statistical analysis tools to students of psychology and the social sciences. The text is very informal and conversational, because it spawned from my written-out scripts to record brief video lessons.

Psychology is designed to meet scope and sequence requirements for the single-semester introduction to psychology course. The book offers a comprehensive treatment of core concepts, grounded in both classic studies and current and emerging research. The text also includes coverage of the DSM-5 in examinations of psychological disorders. Psychology incorporates discussions that reflect the diversity within the discipline, as well as the diversity of cultures and communities across the globe.Senior Contributing AuthorsRose M. Spielman, Formerly of Quinnipiac UniversityContributing AuthorsKathryn Dumper, Bainbridge State CollegeWilliam Jenkins, Mercer UniversityArlene Lacombe, Saint Joseph's UniversityMarilyn Lovett, Livingstone CollegeMarion Perlmutter, University of Michigan

This chapter covers:Why is Research Important?Approaches to ResearchAnalyzing FindingsEthicsFor more information, visit OpenStax College.

By the end of this section, you will be able to:Explain how scientific research addresses questions about behaviorDiscuss how scientific research guides public policyAppreciate how scientific research can be important in making personal decisions

This book is designed to introduce doctoral and graduate students to the process of scientific research in the social sciences, business, education, public health, and related disciplines. This book is based on my lecture materials developed over a decade of teaching the doctoral-level class on Research Methods at the University of South Florida. The target audience for this book includes Ph.D. and graduate students, junior researchers, and professors teaching courses on research methods, although senior researchers can also use this book as a handy and compact reference.