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Basics of Fluid Mechanics
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The topic of fluid mechanics is common to several disciplines: mechanical engineering, aerospace engineering, chemical engineering, and civil engineering. In fact, it is also related to disciplines like industrial engineering, and electrical engineering. While the emphasis is somewhat different in this book, the common material is presented and hopefully can be used by all. One can only admire the wonderful advances done by the previous geniuses who work in this field. In this book it is hoped to insert, what and when a certain model is suitable than other models.

Subject:
Applied Science
Engineering
Material Type:
Textbook
Author:
Genick Bar-Meir
Date Added:
11/18/2021
Basics of Fluid Mechanics
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Some Rights Reserved
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Fluid mechanics deals with the study of all fluids under static and dynamic situations. Fluid mechanics is a branch of continuous mechanics which deals with a relationship between forces, motions, and statical conditions in a continuous material. This study area deals with many and diversified problems such as surface tension, fluid statics, flow in enclose bodies, or flow round bodies (solid or otherwise), flow stability, etc. In fact, almost any action a person is doing involves some kind of a fluid mechanics problem. Furthermore, the boundary between the solid mechanics and fluid mechanics is some kind of gray shed and not a sharp distinction (see Figure 1.1 for the complex relationships between the different branches which only part of it should be drawn in the same time.). For example, glass appears as a solid material, but a closer look reveals that the glass is a liquid with a large viscosity. A proof of the glass ``liquidity'' is the change of the glass thickness in high windows in European Churches after hundred years. The bottom part of the glass is thicker than the top part. Materials like sand (some call it quick sand) and grains should be treated as liquids. It is known that these materials have the ability to drown people. Even material such as aluminum just below the mushy zone also behaves as a liquid similarly to butter. Furthermore, material particles that "behaves'' as solid mixed with liquid creates a mixture After it was established that the boundaries of fluid mechanics aren't sharp, most of the discussion in this book is limited to simple and (mostly) Newtonian (sometimes power fluids) fluids which will be defined later.

This book describes the fundamentals fluid mechanics phenomena for engineers and others. It is designed to replace all introductory textbook(s) or instructor's notes for the fluid mechanics in undergraduate classes for engineering/science students but also for technical peoples. It is hoped that the book could be used as a reference book for people who have at least some basics knowledge of science areas such as calculus, physics, etc.

Subject:
Applied Science
Engineering
Physical Science
Physics
Material Type:
Textbook
Provider:
Potto Project
Author:
Genick Bar–MeirPh. D.
Date Added:
01/01/2011
Bio Inspired Design
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CC BY-NC-SA
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The course Bio-Inspired Design gives an overview of non-conventional mechanical approaches in nature and shows how this knowledge can lead to more creativity in mechanical design and to better (simpler, smaller, more robust) solutions than with conventional technology. The course discusses a large number of biological organisms with smart constructions, unusual mechanisms or clever sensing and processing methods and presents a number of technical examples and designs of bio-inspired instruments and machines.

Subject:
Applied Science
Architecture and Design
Material Type:
Homework/Assignment
Lecture Notes
Reading
Provider:
Delft University of Technology
Provider Set:
Delft University OpenCourseWare
Author:
Dr.ir. P. Breedveld
Date Added:
10/26/2021
Bio-Inspired Sensory Systems
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CC BY-NC-SA
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Using natural sensory system concepts to develop and improve sensory systems will continue to thrive for many years to come. Technology advances rapidly (Moore’s Law) as does our understanding of biological principles and designs. These trends fuel the fertile grounds of bio-inspired sensory systems, a topic that is inherently multidisciplinary. This book will serve well as either an academic text on the subject or an introduction to the variety of proven bio-inspired designs. The focus is on sensory systems that interpret environmental stimuli. It introduces natural photo-, mechano-, and chemo-sensory systems across the animal kingdom and also summarizes various novel engineering ideas that glean ideas from these natural sensory systems.

Subject:
Applied Science
Engineering
Material Type:
Textbook
Provider:
Florida State University
Author:
Geoffrey Brooks
Date Added:
11/18/2021
Biology, Animal Structure and Function, Animal Nutrition and the Digestive System, Digestive System Processes
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CC BY-NC
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By the end of this section, you will be able to:Describe the process of digestionDetail the steps involved in digestion and absorptionDefine eliminationExplain the role of both the small and large intestines in absorption

Subject:
Applied Science
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Module
Author:
Mindy Boland
Date Added:
02/21/2020
Biology, Animal Structure and Function, Animal Nutrition and the Digestive System, Digestive System Regulation
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CC BY-NC
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By the end of this section, you will be able to:Discuss the role of neural regulation in digestive processesExplain how hormones regulate digestion

Subject:
Applied Science
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Module
Author:
Mindy Boland
Date Added:
02/21/2020
Biology, Animal Structure and Function, Animal Nutrition and the Digestive System, Digestive Systems
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CC BY-NC
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By the end of this section, you will be able to:Explain the processes of digestion and absorptionCompare and contrast different types of digestive systemsExplain the specialized functions of the organs involved in processing food in the bodyDescribe the ways in which organs work together to digest food and absorb nutrients

Subject:
Applied Science
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Module
Author:
Mindy Boland
Date Added:
02/21/2020
Biology, Animal Structure and Function, Animal Nutrition and the Digestive System, Nutrition and Energy Production
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CC BY-NC
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By the end of this section, you will be able to:Explain why an animal’s diet should be balanced and meet the needs of the bodyDefine the primary components of foodDescribe the essential nutrients required for cellular function that cannot be synthesized by the animal bodyExplain how energy is produced through diet and digestionDescribe how excess carbohydrates and energy are stored in the body

Subject:
Applied Science
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Module
Author:
Mindy Boland
Date Added:
02/21/2020
Biology, Animal Structure and Function, Animal Reproduction and Development, Fertilization
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CC BY-NC
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By the end of this section, you will be able to:Discuss internal and external methods of fertilizationDescribe the methods used by animals for development of offspring during gestationDescribe the anatomical adaptions that occurred in animals to facilitate reproduction

Subject:
Applied Science
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Module
Author:
Mindy Boland
Date Added:
02/21/2020
Biology, Animal Structure and Function, Animal Reproduction and Development, Fertilization and Early Embryonic Development
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CC BY-NC
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By the end of this section, you will be able to:Discuss how fertilization occursExplain how the embryo forms from the zygoteDiscuss the role of cleavage and gastrulation in animal development

Subject:
Applied Science
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Module
Author:
Mindy Boland
Date Added:
02/21/2020
Biology, Animal Structure and Function, Animal Reproduction and Development, Hormonal Control of Human Reproduction
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CC BY-NC
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By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:Describe the roles of male and female reproductive hormonesDiscuss the interplay of the ovarian and menstrual cyclesDescribe the process of menopause

Subject:
Applied Science
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Module
Author:
Mindy Boland
Date Added:
02/21/2020
Biology, Animal Structure and Function, Animal Reproduction and Development, Human Pregnancy and Birth
Conditional Remix & Share Permitted
CC BY-NC
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By the end of this section, you will be able to:Explain fetal development during the three trimesters of gestationDescribe labor and deliveryCompare the efficacy and duration of various types of contraceptionDiscuss causes of infertility and the therapeutic options available

Subject:
Applied Science
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Module
Author:
Mindy Boland
Date Added:
02/21/2020
Biology, Animal Structure and Function, Animal Reproduction and Development, Human Reproductive Anatomy and Gametogenesis
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CC BY-NC
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By the end of this section, you will be able to:Describe human male and female reproductive anatomiesDiscuss the human sexual responseDescribe spermatogenesis and oogenesis and discuss their differences and similarities

Subject:
Applied Science
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Module
Author:
Mindy Boland
Date Added:
02/21/2020
Biology, Animal Structure and Function, Animal Reproduction and Development, Organogenesis and Vertebrate Formation
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CC BY-NC
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By the end of this section, you will be able to:Describe the process of organogenesisIdentify the anatomical axes formed in vertebrates

Subject:
Applied Science
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Module
Author:
Mindy Boland
Date Added:
02/21/2020
Biology, Animal Structure and Function, Animal Reproduction and Development, Reproduction Methods
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CC BY-NC
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By the end of this section, you will be able to:Describe advantages and disadvantages of asexual and sexual reproductionDiscuss asexual reproduction methodsDiscuss sexual reproduction methods

Subject:
Applied Science
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Module
Author:
Mindy Boland
Date Added:
02/21/2020
Biology, Animal Structure and Function, Osmotic Regulation and Excretion, Excretion Systems
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CC BY-NC
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By the end of this section, you will be able to:Explain how vacuoles, present in microorganisms, work to excrete wasteDescribe the way in which flame cells and nephridia in worms perform excretory functions and maintain osmotic balanceExplain how insects use Malpighian tubules to excrete wastes and maintain osmotic balance

Subject:
Applied Science
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Module
Author:
Mindy Boland
Date Added:
02/21/2020
Biology, Animal Structure and Function, Osmotic Regulation and Excretion, Hormonal Control of Osmoregulatory Functions
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CC BY-NC
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By the end of this section, you will be able to:Explain how hormonal cues help the kidneys synchronize the osmotic needs of the bodyDescribe how hormones like epinephrine, norepinephrine, renin-angiotensin, aldosterone, anti-diuretic hormone, and atrial natriuretic peptide help regulate waste elimination, maintain correct osmolarity, and perform other osmoregulatory functions

Subject:
Applied Science
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Module
Author:
Mindy Boland
Date Added:
02/21/2020