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Cell Biology, Genetics, and Biochemistry for Pre-Clinical Students
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Cell Biology, Genetics, and Biochemistry for Pre-Clinical Students (2021) is an undergraduate medical-level resource for foundational knowledge across the disciplines of genetics, cell biology and biochemistry. This USMLE-aligned text is designed for a first-year undergraduate medical course that is delivered typically before students start to explore systems physiology and pathophysiology. The text is meant to provide the essential information from these content areas in a concise format that would allow learner preparation to engage in an active classroom. Clinical correlates and additional application of content is intended to be provided in the classroom experience. The text assumes that the students will have completed medical school prerequisites (including the MCAT) in which they will have been introduced to the most fundamental concepts of biology and chemistry that are essential to understand the content presented here. This resource should be assistive to the learner later in medical school and for exam preparation given the material is presented in a succinct manner, with a focus on high-yield concepts.

The 276-page text was created specifically for use by pre-clinical students at Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine and was based on faculty experience and peer review to guide development and hone important topics.

Available Formats
978-1-949373-42-4 (PDF)
978-1-949373-43-1 (ePub) https://doi.org/10.21061/cellbio
978-1-949373-41-7 (Pressbooks) https://pressbooks.lib.vt.edu/cellbio
Also available via LibreTexts: https://med.libretexts.org/@go/page/37584
Print now available https://www.amazon.com/dp/194937341X

How to Adopt this Book
Instructors reviewing, adopting, or adapting parts or the whole of the text are requested to register their interest at: https://bit.ly/interest-preclinical.

Instructors and subject matter experts interested in and sharing their original course materials relevant to pre-clinical education are requested to join the instructor portal at https://www.oercommons.org/groups/pre-clinical-resources/10133.

Features of this Book
1. Detailed learning objectives are provided at the beginning of each subsection
2. High resolution, color contrasting figures illustrate concepts, relationships, and processes throughout
3. Summary tables display detailed information
4. End of chapter lists provide additional sources of information
5. Accessibility features including structured heads and alternative-text provide access for readers accessing the work via a screen-reader

Table of Contents
1. Biochemistry basics
2. Basic laboratory measurements
3. Fed and fasted state
4. Fuel for now
5. Fuel for later
6. Lipoprotein metabolism and cholesterol synthesis
7. Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), purine and pyrimidine metabolism
8. Amino acid metabolism and heritable disorders of degradation
9. Disorders of monosaccharide metabolism and other metabolic conditions
10. Genes, genomes, and DNA
11. Transcription and translation
12. Gene regulation and the cell cycle
13. Human genetics
14. Linkage studies, pedigrees, and population genetics
15. Cellular signaling
16. Plasma membrane
17. Cytoplasmic membranes
18. Cytoskeleton
19. Extracellular matrix

Suggested Citation
LeClair, Renée J., (2021). Cell Biology, Genetics, and Biochemistry for Pre-Clinical Students, Blacksburg, VA: Virginia Tech Publishing. https://doi.org/10.21061/cellbio. Licensed with CC BY NC-SA 4.0.

About the Author
Renée J. LeClair is an Associate Professor in the Department of Basic Science Education at the Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, where her role is to engage activities that support the departmental mission of developing an integrated medical experience using evidence-based delivery grounded in the science of learning. She received a Ph.D. at Rice University and completed a postdoctoral fellowship at the Maine Medical Center Research Institute in vascular biology. She became involved in medical education, curricular renovation, and implementation of innovative teaching methods during her first faculty appointment, at the University of New England, College of Osteopathic Medicine. In 2013, she moved to a new medical school, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Greenville. The opportunities afforded by joining a new program and serving as the Chair of the Curriculum committee provided a blank slate for creative curricular development and close involvement with the accreditation process. During her tenure she developed and directed a team-taught student-centered undergraduate medical course that integrated the scientific and clinical sciences to assess all six-core competencies of medical education.

Accessibility Note
The University Libraries at Virginia Tech and Virginia Tech Publishing are committed to making its publications accessible in accordance with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. The HTML (Pressbooks) and ePub versions of this book utilize header structures and include alternative text which allow for machine-readability.

Please report any errors at https://bit.ly/feedback-preclinical

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Life Science
Material Type:
Textbook
Provider:
Virginia Tech
Provider Set:
VTech Works
Author:
Renee LeClair
Date Added:
12/06/2021
Choosing Your Career
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CC BY-SA
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One of the major components of the First Year Seminar in Natural Sciences (NSF101) is to introduce students to library research. The library orientation session exposes students to library resources such as books, videos, journals, databases. The "Choosing Your Career" assignment reinforces using the library by searching for information on a career, retrieving sources from select databases and evaluating the information found in a written reflection. Reflection questions are added to guide the student in their search and their approach to their career choice.
The goal is to integrate library literacy as part of their developing college learning skills. This assignment effectively introduces information literacy as the ability to find and use information and critically think about the information found when deciding on a career path.
This assignment consists of the following;
90-minute library orientation session (one lecture session)
followed up by library research (students' time)
initial draft (hard copy for instructor comments)
written revision (students' time)
a final written 1500-word research reflection. (deposited on student ePortfolio)
Objectives
1. Identify one science profession that interests you
2. Research the profession using library resources
3. Write a 1500-word reflection including the questions posed

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Life Science
Material Type:
Homework/Assignment
Provider:
CUNY Academic Works
Provider Set:
LaGuardia Community College
Author:
Gonzalez, Janet
Date Added:
06/28/2023
Clinical Anatomy
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CC BY-NC-SA
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Interactive radiology images, animated modules showing the physiology of difficult to understand muscle groups, sketches of anatomy, and links to the already existing quality neuroanatomy website.

Covers:
Head and Neck
Anatomy Videos
Back and Core
Thorax
Radiological Atlas
Abdomen
Upper Limb
Anatomical Illustrations
Lower Limb
Embryology
Neuroanatomy
Pelvis

Subject:
Anatomy/Physiology
Applied Science
Biology
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Life Science
Material Type:
Activity/Lab
Interactive
Module
Unit of Study
Author:
Claudia Krebs
Monika Fejtek
Date Added:
02/05/2020
Clinical Hematology Atlas: A Pictorial Guide for the Hematology Laboratory
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CC BY-NC-SA
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In Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) Hematology courses, students learn to evaluate normal and abnormal blood cell morphology through microscopic examination of blood smears. They learn to interpret results and correlate with other laboratory data to identify hematologic disorders. Access to quality atlases are a vital tool in the students’ learning process. Because the cost of printing pictures is so great, the price of printed atlases is high. The number of images included is limited. And many excellent atlases are now out of print.

This project seeks to eliminate those challenges for students by giving access to an Open Educational Resource (OER) atlas for hematology. This format is easily accessed during students’ time on campus and will continue into their careers as medical laboratory scientists. There are currently not many medical subject resources available as open resources. It is our hope that other healthcare professionals will find these resources beneficial. This project is unique in that students are the main contributors of the images used. While not entirely comprehensive at this point, the OER platform will allow for continual updating as new images and information become available.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Slide and Stain Quality
Normal Blood Cells
White Blood Cell Variants
Platelet Variants
Red Blood Cell Morphology
Cell Series
Other Abnormal Cells and Misc
Anemias
Acute Leukemias
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Lymphoproliferative Disorders
Resources

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Student Guide
Author:
Caroline Doty
Dawn Taylor
Delmar Larsen
Date Added:
09/28/2023
Clinical Medical Assistant Support Materials
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
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Materials to support instructors in the Clinical Medical Assistant program.Program summary:This program prepares students to assist physicians in a medical office, health center or hospital. Topics include preparing patients for examination and treatment, routine laboratory procedures, infection control, diagnostic testing, the proper use and administration of medications, taking and documenting vital signs, professional workplace behavior, ethics and the legal aspects of health care. Upon completion, students are eligible to sit for the Certified Clinical Medical Assistant (CCMA) credential exam offered by the National Healthcareer Association (NHA).Note: Students may opt to register for an optional externship experience in a local physician’s office upon successful completion; additional fees apply. 

Subject:
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Teaching/Learning Strategy
Author:
Wyn Schell
Date Added:
02/14/2023
Clinical Procedures for Safer Patient Care
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
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This open educational resource (OER) was developed to ensure best practice and quality care based on the latest evidence, and to address inconsistencies in how clinical health care skills are taught and practised in the clinical setting. The checklist approach, used in this textbook, aims to provide standardized processes for clinical skills and to help nursing schools and clinical practice partners keep procedural practice current. Each skill/procedure is covered in a chapter that has learning objectives, a brief overview of the relevant theory, checklists of steps for procedures with the rationale behind each step of the process, and a summary of key takeaways. Key terms are set in bold throughout the book and laid out again in a Glossary in the appendix. All 88 checklists are also summarized, and hyperlinked to the original checklist, in the appendix.

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Textbook
Provider:
BCcampus
Provider Set:
BCcampus Open Textbooks
Date Added:
06/20/2019
Clinical Procedures for Safer Patient Care – Thompson Rivers University Edition: Faculty Ancillary Resource
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CC BY-SA
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This ancillary resource is intended to be used by faculty in conjunction with Clinical Procedures for Safer Patient Care – Thompson Rivers University Edition. The chapters in this text intentionally coincide with chapters in Clinical Procedures for Safer Patient Care - Thompson Rivers University Edition to allow for easier cross referencing between the texts. This resource provides answers to the critical thinking questions that accompany each chapter of the aforementioned text. In some cases, learning activities and sample quiz questions are provided to support faculty in their teaching. More importantly they are meant to help learners develop their ability to critically think, to apply information in a variety of contexts and to achieve necessary learning outcomes toward being a safe competent nurse. The critical thinking questions, learning activities and sample quiz questions were developed with a BScN student in mind. Faculty can adapt the question(s) and / or expected answers based on the type of nursing program and level of student.

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Data Set
Provider:
BCcampus
Author:
Renee Anderson
Date Added:
06/28/2023
The Complete Subjective Health Assessment
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CC BY-SA
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This textbook is designed for the novice learner who is seeking to develop a foundational understanding of the complete subjective health assessment in the context of health and illness. The textbook deconstructs the categories of the complete subjective health assessment, providing learners with explanations and examples of what constitutes relevant subjective data. This textbook provides an opportunity to learn how to respond to normal, abnormal, and critical findings when completing a complete subjective health assessment.

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Textbook
Provider:
eCampusOntario
Author:
Jennifer L. Lapum
Michelle Hughes
Oona St-Amant
Paul Petrie
Sherry Morrell
Sita Mistry
Date Added:
07/24/2021
The Complete Subjective Health Assessment
Conditional Remix & Share Permitted
CC BY-SA
Rating
0.0 stars

This textbook is designed for the novice learner who is seeking to develop a foundationalunderstanding of the complete subjective health assessment in the context of health and illness. The textbook deconstructs the categories of the complete subjective health assessment, providing learners with explanations and examples of what constitutes relevant subjective data. This textbook provides an opportunity to learn how to respond to normal, abnormal, and critical findings when completing a complete subjective health assessment

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Textbook
Provider:
Ryerson University
Author:
Jennifer L. Lapum
Michelle Hughes
Oona St-Amant
Date Added:
11/18/2021
Comprehensive Midwifery: The role of the midwife in health care practice, education, and research
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CC BY-NC
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The re-emergence of midwifery as a primary health care profession is one of the great stories of Canadian health care systems, but this story has been largely undocumented. This invaluable interactive e-book details the history and philosophy of midwifery, how current midwifery theory and policies are developed, and the role of education and research in advancing the field. We include a special focus on the social determinants of women’s health throughout Canada and the world, the principle of health care as a human right, and the principles and scope of midwifery practice. A must-read for Canadian student midwives and others interested in midwifery.

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Textbook
Provider:
eCampusOntario
Author:
Beth Murrary-Davis
Eileen K. Hutton
Elaine Carty
Karyn Kaufman
Michelle Butler
Date Added:
03/09/2020
Concepts of Fitness and Wellness
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CC BY-NC-SA
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This open textbook for Concepts of Fitness and Wellness at Georgia Highlands College was created through a Round Seven ALG Textbook Transformation Grant.

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Textbook
Provider:
University System of Georgia
Provider Set:
Galileo Open Learning Materials
Author:
Althea Moser
Christin Collins
Connie Watjen
David Mathis
Jonathan Howard
Lisa Jellum
Scott Flynn
Sharryse Henderson
Date Added:
03/09/2018
Contemporary Health Issues
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
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This textbook will help students learn to assess health behavior choices, apply that information to everyday life for the improvement of individual, family, and community well-being; and identify preconceived ideas about knowledge, values, and behavior that affect health and compare with established research and accepted scientific evidence.

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Textbook
Provider:
Achieving the Dream
Author:
Pepe Aragon
Date Added:
05/13/2021
Creative Clinical Teaching In The Health Professions
Conditional Remix & Share Permitted
CC BY-NC-SA
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This peer reviewed e-book is a must-read for nurses and other health professionals who strive to teach with creativity and excellence in clinical settings. Each chapter presents current evidence informed educational practice knowledge. Each topic is also presented with text boxes describing ‘Creative Strategies’ that clinical teachers from across Canada have successfully implemented. For those who are interested in background knowledge, the authors provided a comprehensive literature base. And, for those interested mainly in 'what to do,' the text box summaries offer step-by-step directions for creative, challenging activities that both new and experienced instructors can begin using immediately.

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Textbook
Provider:
Athabasca University
Author:
Sherri Melrose
Date Added:
08/21/2015
Crispr Cas9
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
Rating
0.0 stars

Precise modification of faulty genes for repair has been one of the most important goals in medicine. It is now finally within the realm of possibility thanks to the gene editing tool CRISPR. This microbial adaptive immune system can copy and cut specific DNA sequences. This animation provides a visual introduction of this revolutionary genetic tool.

Subject:
Applied Science
Genetics
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Life Science
Material Type:
Lecture
Provider:
CUNY Academic Works
Provider Set:
City College
Author:
Chen, Ching-jung
Cheng, Katie
Chowdhury, Abanti Deb
Eng, Timmy
Estevez, Irving
Malik, Rafay
Ndjiharine, Vitjitua
Oviedo, Hysell V.
Date Added:
06/28/2023
Critical Care Nursing of Infants and Children
Read the Fine Print
Educational Use
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This publication of the second edition of Critical Care Nursing of Infants and Children is another important milestone in the evolving development of pediatric critical care nursing. It often surprises students and colleagues when I discuss my experiences in the days "before pediatric intensive care units." They cannot conceive of a time when these specialized units, along with their highly technologic treatments, were not available to facilitate the care of critically ill children. During this "before" period, seriously ill children were cared for on regular hospital units with minimal technology. Staff nurses were often assigned to "special" the child, unless the family provided a private duty nurse. Sometimes a separate room was set aside for care of several seriously ill children so that one nurse could care for several children. The level of expertise of these staff and private duty nurses, however, was not adequate for the intensive care needs of critically ill children. Obviously children with serious health problems or children recovering from major surgery were at high risk of dying because adequate treatments and monitoring measures were not available.

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Textbook
Author:
Martha A. Q. Curley
Patricia A. Moloney-Harmon
Date Added:
10/05/2021
Des bases physiques et chimiques du contrôle de la qualité des médicaments
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CC BY-NC-SA
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Le manuel est un résumé des principales activités du cours de conférences sur la chimie physique et colloïdale (en 2 parties) et constitue la base théorique des méthodes de contrôle de la qualité des médicaments et vise à acquérir les connaissances et les compétences nécessaires pour travailler dans ce domaine. Destiné aux étudiants francophones étrangers.

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Full Course
Textbook
Author:
Khatchatourian M.A.
Morozova M.A.
Pleteneva T.V.
Uspenskaya E.V.
Date Added:
12/05/2019
Disease Prevention and Healthy Lifestyles
Read the Fine Print
Educational Use
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0.0 stars

Wellness is being in good physical and mental health. Because mental health and physical health are linked, problems in one area can impact the other. At the same time, improving your physical health can also benefit your mental health, and vice versa. It is important to make healthy choices for both your physical and mental well-being.

Remember that wellness is not just the absence of illness or stress. You can still strive for wellness even if you are experiencing these challenges in your life.

Subject:
Applied Science
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Material Type:
Full Course
Provider:
Lumen Learning
Date Added:
10/08/2021